4-1.4.1~~4-1.4.2

Some biologists have proposed that when populations of two different species interact over a long period of time, changes in the gene pool of one species can lead to changes in the gene pool of the other. This process is called coevolution. In this give-and-take evolutionary game, each species is in a genetically programmed race to produce the largest number of surviving offspring.

Consider the interactions between bats and moths. Some bats like to eat moths, and they hunt at night and use echolocation to navigate and locate their prey. To do so, they emit extremely high frequency and high-intensity pulses of sound. They capture the returning echoes and create a sonic "image" of their prey.( We have copied this natural technology by using sonar to detect submarines, whales, and schools of fish. )


第一段:不同物種族群相互作用超過很長一段時間，一物種變化可能導致其他物種變化，稱為協同進化。
第二段:蝙蝠和飛蛾間的相互作用。蝙蝠使用迴聲飛行和定位獵物。